MRI is one of the most sensitive methods of examining the breast and is often used to clarify findings if mammography and/or ultrasound are inconclusive.
Lymphoscintigraphy is a method that shows the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes in order to assess the prognosis and prescribe the correct treatment.
Skeletal scintigraphy is the safest method for excluding or detecting skeletal metastases in breast cancer. A small amount of a weakly radioactive phosphate substance is injected intravenously, which is temporarily deposited on the skeleton and thereby reveals bone cancer activity. The method detects metastases in the early stages.
Breast cancer treatment at University Hospital Cologne:
Surgical removal of the tumor. Doctors remove tumor from the breast with a safety margin. They also remove lymph nodes from the armpit. The procedure is influenced by the location and size of the tumor, the size of the breast, the patient's age, and their desire to retain the breast.
Neoadjuvant therapy. In the case of large tumors or tumors with an inflammatory component, hormonal medication is used. The method of neoadjuvant therapy is prescribed in combination with other methods of treatment (surgery, radio- or chemotherapy).
Chemotherapy. If the tumor does not have hormone receptors, or if a combination of factors increases the risk of recurrence, chemotherapy (cytostatic therapy) is prescribed. During chemotherapy, the doctor prescribes medications that act on dividing cells.
Hormonal therapy is prescribed if the tumor has hormone receptors. The number of hormone receptors is determined by the pathologist during histological examination.
Radiation therapy. X-rays are used locally to suppress the growth of cancer cells. After breast-conserving surgery, the remnants of cancer cells must be removed. In advanced tumors, it is used to reduce the size of the tumor or to destroy metastases.
Doctors